预防与治疗
预防
当前没有疫苗可预防冠状病毒疾病 2019 (COVID-19)。预防疾病的最佳方式是避免接触该病毒。但是，提醒大家，美国疾病控制与预防中心 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
CDC) 始终建议进行日常的预防措施，以帮助预防呼吸道疾病的传播，包括：
·
避免与患病的人近距离接触。
·
避免触碰自己的眼睛、鼻子和嘴巴。
·
生病时待在家里。
·
咳嗽或打喷嚏时用纸巾遮住，然后将纸巾丢进垃圾桶。
·
用家用清洁喷雾或消毒纸巾清洁消毒经常碰到的物体表面。
·
请遵循 CDC 关于戴口罩的建议。
o CDC 不建议健康人士戴口罩来保护自己免于患上呼吸道疾病（包括 COVID-19）。
o 出现 COVID-19 症状的人应戴口罩，以帮助防止疾病传播给他人。对于卫生工作者和在封闭环境中（在家中或在医疗护理机构中）照顾他人的人，戴口罩也是非常重要的。
·
用肥皂和水洗手至少20秒，特别是在上过洗手间后，饭前，擤鼻涕、咳嗽或打喷嚏后。
o 如果没有肥皂和水，可以使用至少含
60% 酒精的酒精类手部消毒液。看到手脏了必须用肥皂和水清洗。
治疗
没有推荐针对 COVID-19 的特效抗病毒治疗。患 COVID-19 的人应接受支持性治疗，以缓解症状。对于严重病例，治疗应包括支持重要器官功能的诊疗护理。
认为自己可能已暴露于 COVID-19 的人应立即联系其医务人员。
内容来源：National
Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Division of Viral Diseases
Prevention &
Treatment
Prevention
There is currently no
vaccine to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The best way to prevent
illness is to avoid being exposed to this virus. However, as a reminder, CDC
always recommends everyday preventive actions to help prevent the spread of respiratory
diseases, including:
·
Avoid close contact with
people who are sick.
·
Avoid touching your
eyes, nose, and mouth.
·
Stay home when you are
sick.
·
Cover your cough or
sneeze with a tissue, then throw the tissue in the trash.
·
Clean and disinfect
frequently touched objects and surfaces using a regular household cleaning
spray or wipe.
·
Follow CDC’s
recommendations for using a facemask.
o CDC does not recommend that people who are well
wear a facemask to protect themselves from respiratory diseases, including COVID-19.
o Facemasks should be used by people who show
symptoms of COVID-19 to help prevent the spread of the disease to others.
The use of facemasks is also crucial for health workers and people who are taking
care of someone in close settings (at home or in a health care facility).
·
Wash your hands often
with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially after going to the
bathroom; before eating; and after blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing.
o If soap and water are not readily available, use
an alcohol-based hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol. Always wash hands
with soap and water if hands are visibly dirty.
Treatment
There is no specific
antiviral treatment recommended for COVID-19. People with COVID-19 should
receive supportive care to help relieve symptoms. For severe cases, treatment
should include care to support vital organ functions.
People who think they may
have been exposed to COVID-19 should contact their healthcare provider
immediately.